Dot‑Com Bubble

What It Is

The Dot‑Com Bubble (1995–2000) was a speculative boom in internet and technology stocks that ended in a sharp market crash.

Why It Matters

It demonstrated the dangers of speculative mania and overvaluation in emerging industries.

How It Happened

  • Massive investment in unprofitable internet startups
  • Easy capital raising through IPOs
  • Irrational expectations for growth
  • Valuations disconnected from fundamentals

Key Components

  • Tech IPO surge
  • Venture capital excess
  • Speculative trading
  • Market correction

Example

Companies like Pets.com raised millions despite weak business models and collapsed shortly after.

Key Takeaways

  • Innovation can fuel bubbles.
  • Valuations matter.
  • Market corrections can be severe when speculation peaks.