Implied vs Realized Volatility

What It Is

This comparison explains the difference between implied volatility (market expectations) and realized volatility (actual historical movement).

Why It Matters

The relationship between the two drives many options strategies and volatility trades.

How It Works

Implied Volatility (IV)

  • Derived from option prices
  • Reflects expected future volatility
  • Influenced by supply, demand, and sentiment

Realized Volatility (RV)

  • Calculated from past price data
  • Measures actual movement
  • Used to evaluate IV accuracy

Key Components

  • Forecast vs history
  • Volatility premium
  • Market expectations
  • Pricing efficiency

Example

If IV is high but RV is low, options may be overpriced relative to actual movement.

Key Takeaways

  • IV predicts; RV measures.
  • The gap creates trading opportunities.
  • Many strategies exploit IV > RV conditions.