Yield Curve Inversion

Definition

A Yield Curve Inversion occurs when short‑term interest rates rise above long‑term interest rates — the opposite of a normal yield curve.

Why It Matters

  • Historically one of the strongest predictors of recessions.
  • Signals expectations of future rate cuts or economic slowdown.
  • Reflects investor demand for long‑term safety.

Interpretation

  • Normal curve: Long‑term yields > short‑term yields.
  • Inverted curve: Short‑term yields > long‑term yields → recession risk.
  • Flat curve: Transition phase, uncertainty.

Example

If the 2‑year Treasury yield is 5.0% and the 10‑year yield is 4.2%, the curve is inverted by 80 basis points.